What is Pump?
Pump is a Mechanical or Electrical device that moves fluids including liquids / fluids, gases, Chemicals, slurries by mechanical action by converting electrical energy into hydraulic energy. Pumps can be classified in several typs based on the passing material, applications, method of delivering material.
Major types of pump types includes direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps but it is broadly classifieds as below.
- Positive-displacement pumps
- Impulse pumps
- Velocity pumps
- Gravity pumps
- Steam pumps
- Valveless pumps
how many types of pumps are available.
There are more than 20 different types of pumps available.
Rotary positive-displacement pumps
Rotary lobe pump
Progressive cavity pump
Rotary gear pump
Piston pump
Diaphragm pump
Screw pump
Gear pump
Hydraulic pump
Rotary vane pump
Peristaltic pump
Rope pump
Flexible impeller pump
Gear Pups
Screw Pumps
Progressing cavity pump
Roots-type pumps
Peristaltic pumps
Plunber pumps
Triplex-style plunger pumps
Compressed-air-powered double-diaphragm pumps
Rope pumps
Impulse pumps
Hydraulic ram pumps
Velocity pumps
Radial-flow pumps
Axial-flow pumps
Regenerative turbine pumps
Eductor-jet pump
Gravity pumps
Steam pumps
Valveless pumps
Pump Classification and types by
Mechanism: Rotary pumps, reciprocating pumps
Source of Energy: Manual Operation, Electricity, Engines or wind power
Application of Pumps?
Mechanical pumps applcation includes
For water: Pumping water from source, aquarim, filtering, pond and aeration
what are the types of pumps and classification?
Major types of pump types includes direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps but it is broadly classifieds as below.
- Positive-displacement pumps
- Impulse pumps
- Velocity pumps
- Gravity pumps
- Steam pumps
- Valveless pumps
Pump types and applications
Boiler Feed Pumps – built to control the amount of water that enters a boiler. They are centrifugal pumps, and most are multistage.
Borehole Pumps – made to pump liquid from a borehole.
Chemical Pumps – built to handle abrasive and corrosive industrial materials. They can either centrifugal or positive displacement type.
Circulator Pumps – used to circulate fluid through a closed or looped system. They are usually centrifugal pumps, but a few use positive displacement technology.
Dewatering Pumps – a de-watering process involves using a centrifugal pump (submersible or vertical turbine) to remove water from a construction site, pond, mine shaft, or any other area.
Drill Pumps – a type of pump powered by attaching an electric power drill.
Drum Pumps – used to empty fluid from barrels or drums. They can be a small centrifugal pump used for thin liquids or for more viscous fluids a progressive cavity or piston pump can be used.
Fire Pumps – a type of centrifugal pump used for fire fighting. They are generally horizontal split case, end suction or vertical turbine.
Flooded Suction Pumps – include a suctioned chamber that is always full of the fluid being pumped.
High Pressure Pumps – used in many applications including water blast, hydro-mining, and jet cutting. They can be a wide variety of pumps types including positive displacement pumps, rotary pumps and reciprocating pumps, or centrifugal pumps.
Industrial Pumps – used in industrial applications such as slurry, wastewater, industrial chemicals, oil and gas, etc. There are dozens of different industrial pumps both in positive displacement and centrifugal pump types.
Irrigation Pumps – usually some form of centrifugal pump type. They are often used for agriculture application where water needs to be moved from a water source to dry land.
Marine Pumps – built to pump sea water. They are often used in large salt water tanks to continuously circulated water so it stays fresh.
Mixed Flow Pumps – incorporate the features of both axial flow pumps and radial flow pumps. Axial flow pumps operate on a vertical plane and radial flow operate on a horizontal plane to the flow direction of water.
Mud Pumps – built to transfer heavy sludge or mud. Some larger versions are used to pressure. They are sometimes used on oil rigs to pressurize and circulate fluid.
Paint Pumps – built to dispense paint, either for direct application or into a separate paint container. They are used in many applications including electric paint sprayers.
Petrochemical Pumps – made to transfer petroleum products that are often very viscous and corrosive. They can be magnetic drive pumps, diaphragm pumps, piston pumps and others.
Pneumatic Pumps – uses compressed air to pressurize liquid through the piping system.
Pond Pumps – used in gardens, fish pools, ponds, and fountains to prevent water from becoming stagnant. The two main types include submersible pumps and external pumps.
Pool Pumps – used to circulate the water in a pool.
Pressure Pumps – used to create either high or low pressure. They can be metering pumps, and sometimes booster pumps.
Process Pumps – are many times centrifugal pumps or positive displacement pumps used in process applications. The type of pump and construction details vary depending on the application in which these pumps are used.
Sanitary Pumps – a type of pump used to transport fluids that must be processed for sanitary standards. They are designed to meet regulatory requirements.
Sewage Pumps – considered submersible pumps and they are mostly used to pump sewage to a waste treatment facility.
Sludge Pumps – used to pump waste fluids with high solids content. They can be positive displacement (progressive cavity) or centrifugal pumps.
Slurry Pumps – a heavy duty pump that is made to handle thick, abrasive slurries. They are made of durable materials, and capable of handling abrasive fluids for long periods of time.
Solar Pumps – powered by the sun. They can be PD pumps or centrifugal pumps.
Sprinkler Pumps – work within a sprinkler system. They are the mechanism that creates pressure to move the water through the system.
Transfer Pumps – used to move a fluid from one receptacle to another. They are used in residential, commercial or agriculture applications where a fluid needs to be moved from one tank to another.
Trash Pumps – Trash pumps are a type of pump used to handle fluids containing solid content such as mud, trash, fish, or waste products. They are also referred to as grinder pumps, chopper pumps, or sludge pumps.
Utility Pumps – a type of submersible pump used to remove water from an area, often times after a flood. They are used in industrial, residential and agricultural applications.
Wastewater Pumps – used to move wastewater toward or within a waste treatment facility.
Water Pumps – a type of equipment used to move water through a piping system. They rely upon principles of displacement, gravity, suction, and vacuums to move water. They can be both positive displacement or centrifugal pumps.
Well Pumps – designed to draw water to the surface from an underground water source. Depending on the well depth and configuration, they pumps can be jet pumps, centrifugal pumps, or submersible pumps.
Centrifugal pump types and applications:
Centrifugal pump uses are common throughout a diverse range of domestic, commercial, and industrial markets. Examples of centrifugal pump applications include but are not limited to:
Water supply for residential areas
Fire protection systems
Sewage/slurry disposal
Food and beverage manufacturing
Chemical manufacturing
Oil and gas industrial operations
| Type of centrifugal pump | Application | Features |
| Canned motor pump | Hydrocarbons, chemicals where any leakage is not permitted | Sealless; impeller directly attached to the motor rotor; wetted parts contained in can |
| Magnetic drive pump | Sealless; impeller driven by close coupled magnets | |
| Chopper/grinder pump | Waste water in industrial, chemical and food processing/ sewage | Impeller fitted with grinding teeth to chop solids |
| Circulator pump | Heating, ventilation and air conditioning | Inline compact design |
| Multistage pump | High pressure applications | Multiple impellers for increased discharge pressures |
| Cryogenic pump | Liquid natural gas, coolants | Special construction materials to tolerate low temperatures |
| Trash pump | Draining mines, pits, construction sites | Designed to pump water containing solid debris |
| Slurry pump | Mining, mineral processing, industrial slurries | Designed to handle and withstand highly abrasive slurries |
pump impeller types and applications:
- Open Impeller – solid content
- Semi-open Impeller – soft solids transfers
- Closed Impeller – transferring clean liquid
- Vortex Impeller – ideal for dirty fluids containing debris and stringy solids
- Cutter Impeller – pumping of sewage and other waste where a channel impeller will clog.
Classification and types of pumps based on stage:
Single-stage, Two-stage, or Multi-stage
The classification of centrifugal pumps by stage is dependent on the number of impellers present within their setup.
Single-Stage
This pump type houses only one impeller within its casing, making maintenance quite easy. A single-stage centrifugal pump is best suited to low-pressure operations where a large flow rate is maintained.
Two-Stage
A two-stage centrifugal pump possesses dual impellers functioning together to pump the associated process liquids. It is a device best used in medium head applications.
Multi-Stage
Multiple impellers (three or more) are required in this centrifugal pump system to achieve maximal efficiency. Multi-stage pumps are best for high head applications.
sump pump types and uses
Following types of sump pumps are avaialble.
- Submersible Sump Pumps
- Pedestal Sump Pumps
- Battery Backup Sump Pumps
- Water-powered Sump Pumps
- Effluent Sump Pumps
- Combination Sump Pumps
how are reciprocating pumps classified
Reciprocating Pumps can also be classified according to the number of cylinders: Single cylinder and double cylinder pump
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